MyMichigan Health: Atrial Fibrillation Guide - Symptoms, Risks & Treatments

Abnormal heart rhythms, including atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, impact millions of people in the United States and may raise the likelihood of severe issues if not addressed. Recognizing the symptoms, identifying risk elements, and being aware of available treatments can enable individuals to respond promptly.

What are the primary risk factors for developing atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter?

Several shared risk factors are smoking, drinking alcohol, experiencing sleep apnea, and having extra body weight. All of these can play a role in the onset of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

What is the initial adjustment in daily habits that a person should think about to reduce their chances of health issues?

Tackling sleep apnea is essential, as untreated sleep apnea may lead to atrial fibrillation. Cutting down or stopping alcohol consumption is also crucial, as even minimal intake can induce an episode.

When is it necessary to consult a healthcare professional for an abnormal or rapid heart rate?

Immediate medical attention is required if someone loses consciousness. Dizziness is another indicator to be aware of. Ongoing difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeats, or excessive tiredness should also be checked out. Less severe symptoms can be examined at a clinic, whereas more critical symptoms require a visit to the emergency department.

What steps should patients take before visiting a cardiologist?

Patients need to be prepared to provide a thorough account of their symptoms. Palpitations are frequently reported, but additional symptoms might involve difficulty breathing, decreased ability to engage in physical activities, or prolonged tiredness that can last for minutes or even several days. This information plays a crucial role in determining the correct diagnosis and treatment plan.

What methods are employed to assess an abnormal heart rhythm?

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is usually the initial test, offering a quick look at the heart's rhythm. If this doesn't identify the issue, a wearable heart monitor might be recommended for an extended duration. In cases of infrequent episodes, an implantable loop recorder can track heart rhythms over several years.

What function do wearable technology serve in identifying irregular heart rhythms?

Smartwatches and comparable gadgets can assist in detecting irregular heartbeats, often prior to a patient recognizing them. They also enable patients to link their symptoms with changes in heart rhythm and monitor improvement following treatment. Portable devices like KardiaMobile can also capture heart rhythms when symptoms arise.

What is the best way to treat an irregular heartbeat?

Catheter ablation is frequently the most successful form of treatment. In this process, a doctor inserts catheters into the heart to identify and destroy abnormal electrical pathways responsible for the irregular heartbeat.

How does removal of tissue compare with drug treatment?

Ablation treatments are successful in approximately 80 to 90 percent of cases. Antiarrhythmic drugs work for around half of the patients but can cause adverse effects. Because of this, numerous individuals prefer undergoing a procedure instead of taking medication for an extended period.

What are the reasons blood thinners might be prescribed?

Blood thinners help lower the chance of a stroke, particularly for individuals with other risk factors like hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, or a history of stroke. Most patients continue taking blood thinners following ablation unless they experience adverse reactions to the medication.

What are the risks of not treating atrial fibrillation?

A: Extended periods of fast heartbeats may damage the heart muscle and result in heart failure. If left unaddressed, atrial fibrillation can also raise the likelihood of a stroke, which may lead to severe or even life-threatening outcomes.

How are patients' anxieties managed following a diagnosis?

Education and support are essential. The risk of stroke can frequently be lowered using anticoagulants, and atrial fibrillation is a condition that can typically be managed. Medical choices are determined through collaboration with patients, taking into account their comfort and personal preferences.

If you have a fast, fluttering, or irregular heartbeat, consult your primary care physician. Early assessment and intervention can minimize complications and help manage your heart rhythm. Individuals interested in a podcast about this subject or other health issues, innovative treatments, and advice for a healthy lifestyle can visitwww.mymichigan.org/healthdose

Dr. Lu Chen is a cardiologist who focuses on electrophysiology and is part of the MyMichigan Physicians Group.